The Middle Eastern states have always been of interest to external powers because of their abundant natural resources, strategic location, and geopolitical significance. In recent years, their political importance has…

The evolving landscape of international relations transcends the conventional North-South divide, entrenched in historical colonial legacies, to reveal a complex interplay of state interests challenging liberal and illiberal categorisation. Within…

As Karl Marx opined, economics shapes human history – past, present, and future. It influences all aspects of life, especially politics. Globalisation has reinforced it, with countries competing to form…

The recent groundbreaking case in Pakistan, which marked the country’s first conviction for marital rape, has ignited profound discussions on legal precedents, women’s rights, and broader societal implications. As a…

Since the end of the Cold War, the concept of security has evolved, challenging traditional realist assumptions. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) introduced the idea of “human security”, which…