In the wake of America’s growing interest in the Indo-Pacific sphere, including the Western  Indian Ocean region, Pakistan faces...

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) refers to the distinct tradecraft through which bits of information scattered across public sources such...

Key Points:  After the passage of National Defence Authorisation Act for Fiscal Year (NDAA) 2020, the Defence Department will...

In the conventional understanding of national sovereignty, a country protects its legitimate and internationally-accepted territories on land, air and...

Pakistan’s strategic location is routinely touted by government functionaries and observers across the world to describe its distinct geographic...

The concept of ‘cyberspace’ is understood differently in Pakistan at public and private levels. Some view it purely as...

Key Points:  Since its independence from British rule in 1947, Pakistan’s national security apparatus has viewed India as a...