Key Points:
- Pakistan’s interaction with great powers during the Cold War prevented it from joining a third-world regional organisation such as the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
- Pakistan acts as a gateway to the landlocked South, West, and Central Asian countries, collectively comprising an enormous economic market of 2.38 billion people.
- Pakistan has a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) with Indonesia and a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Malaysia.
- In 2023, Pakistan’s collective bilateral trade with Southeast Asian states, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand, reached $8.6 billion.