Key Points:

• Today’s great power competition has brought a surge of new challenges for Pakistan vis-à-vis navigating its relations with great powers and maintaining a proactive and balanced foreign policy.
• In economic balancing, a dyadic understanding of the economic environment of China-Pakistan and US-Pakistan is incomplete, and there is a need to put these states into a triangular dynamic with each other by proposing co-investment in Pakistan. Moreover, Pakistan must find a balance between China and the US by identifying areas of mutual interest.
• In terms of internal balancing, besides economic stability and military advancement, Pakistan should also strengthen technological innovation and address political instability to follow a bold, independent, neutral foreign policy.