Norms are the informal codes which determine the acceptable behaviour. These norms can be individualistic and group based. They become universally accepted over the course of time with continued practice….

Prime Minister Imran Khan appointed Tania Aidrus as Adviser to the PM on Digital Pakistan after much fanfare. Aidrus, who possesses vast experience in IT-related management and administration, held positions…

In 2014, Brigadier (Retired) Dr Tughral Yamin, a former Pakistan Army officer and Associate Dean at Centre for International Peace & Stability (CIPS) at the National University of Sciences and…

It has been four months now since the COVID-19 has internationalised itself. By April 20, there have been more than 2.4 million confirmed cases and over 165,000 deaths. Consequently, when…

Key Points:  The concept of social media’s self-regulation in its essence has failed. It is because of the fact that political ads have found their way into the targeted society…

Deterrence is not a new concept for the students and practitioners of International Relations and Security Studies. However, just for the sake of review, it is an act of manipulating…

As Pakistan braces for traditional power-play in its neighbourhood along with the emergence of advanced and unregulated technologies, there are legitimate concerns about the existing organisational structure of the Foreign…

Whenever we talk about memes we are talking about social media. It is vice-versa also, since, the social networking sites (SNSs) have been weaponised. If not fully weaponised, they are…

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) refers to the distinct tradecraft through which bits of information scattered across public sources such as the World Wide Web, social media networks, and publications etc….

On 3 January, the United States assassinated senior Iranian military official Qasem Soleimani, in Iraq. For about two decades, he headed the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps’s Quds Force, which oversees…